{"id":830,"date":"2024-12-22T19:05:37","date_gmt":"2024-12-22T19:05:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/?p=830"},"modified":"2024-12-22T19:05:37","modified_gmt":"2024-12-22T19:05:37","slug":"more-courts-hold-that-the-americans-with-disabilities-act-ada-does-not-apply-to-websites-only-physical-stores","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/2024\/12\/22\/more-courts-hold-that-the-americans-with-disabilities-act-ada-does-not-apply-to-websites-only-physical-stores\/","title":{"rendered":"More courts hold that the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) does not apply to websites, only physical stores"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Two separate cases by judges in the Southern District of New York have held that the Americans with Disabilities Act does not apply to websites since it only covers \u201cplaces\u201d of public accommodation and websites have no \u201cplace. <a href=\"https:\/\/casetext.com\/case\/mejia-v-high-brew-coffee-inc-2\">Mejia v. High Brew Coffee Inc.,<\/a> 2024 WL 4350912 (S.D.N.Y. 2024); <a href=\"https:\/\/cases.justia.com\/federal\/district-courts\/new-york\/nysdce\/1:2023cv10164\/610621\/19\/0.pdf?ts=1729169460\">Sookol v. Fresh Clean Threads<\/a>, 2024 WL 4499206 (S.D.N.Y. 2024). The Eleventh Circuit agrees.&nbsp;Gil v. Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc.,&nbsp;993 F.3d 1266 (11th Cir. 2021), as do the Third, Sixth, and Ninth Circuits. Ford v. Schering-Plough Corp., 145 F.3d 601, 614 (3d Cir. 1998); Parker v. Metro. Life Ins. Co., 121 F.3d 1006, 1010-11 (6<sup>th<\/sup> Cir. 1997); Robles v. Domino\u2019s Pizza, LLC, 913 F.3d 898, 905 (9<sup>th<\/sup> Cir. 2019); Gil v. Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc., 993 F.3d 1266, 1276-77 (11<sup>th<\/sup> Cir.), <em>opinion vacated for mootness, <\/em>21 F.4<sup>th<\/sup> 775 (11<sup>th<\/sup> Cir. 2021).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The First Circuit, however, held that the phrase \u201cpublic accommodation\u201d \u201cis not limited to actual physical structures.\u201d&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.westlaw.com\/Link\/Document\/FullText?findType=Y&amp;serNum=1994201767&amp;pubNum=0000506&amp;originatingDoc=Id230deb097f211ebb59191cef82ec18e&amp;refType=RP&amp;fi=co_pp_sp_506_19&amp;originationContext=document&amp;vr=3.0&amp;rs=cblt1.0&amp;transitionType=DocumentItem&amp;contextData=(sc.Default)#co_pp_sp_506_19\">Carparts Distrib. Ctr., Inc. v. Auto. Wholesaler\u2019s Ass\u2019n of New England, Inc., 37 F.3d 12, 19 (1st Cir. 1994)<\/a>. And in&nbsp;Doe v. Mut. of Omaha Ins. Co., 179 F.3d 557, 559 (7th Cir. 1999), the Seventh Circuit cited&nbsp;Carparts&nbsp;approvingly, writing that \u201c[t]he core meaning of [the public accommodation] provision, plainly enough, is that the owner or operator of a store, hotel, restaurant, dentist\u2019s office, travel agency, theater, Web site, or other facility (whether in physical space or in electronic space) \u2026 that is open to the public cannot exclude disabled persons.)\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Two separate cases by judges in the Southern District of New York have held that the Americans with Disabilities Act does not apply to websites since it only covers \u201cplaces\u201d of public accommodation and websites have no \u201cplace. Mejia v. High Brew Coffee Inc., 2024 WL 4350912 (S.D.N.Y. 2024); Sookol v. Fresh Clean Threads, 2024 WL 4499206 (S.D.N.Y. 2024). The Eleventh Circuit agrees.&nbsp;Gil v. Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc.,&nbsp;993 F.3d 1266 (11th Cir. 2021), as do the Third, Sixth, and Ninth Circuits. Ford v. Schering-Plough Corp., 145 F.3d 601, 614 (3d Cir. 1998); Parker v. Metro. Life Ins. Co., 121 F.3d 1006, 1010-11 (6th Cir. 1997); Robles v. Domino\u2019s Pizza, LLC, 913 F.3d 898, 905 (9th Cir. 2019); Gil v. Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc., 993 F.3d 1266, 1276-77 (11th Cir.), opinion vacated for mootness, 21 F.4th 775 (11th Cir. 2021). The First Circuit, however, held that the phrase \u201cpublic accommodation\u201d \u201cis not limited &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/2024\/12\/22\/more-courts-hold-that-the-americans-with-disabilities-act-ada-does-not-apply-to-websites-only-physical-stores\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">More courts hold that the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) does not apply to websites, only physical stores<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-antidiscrimination-law"],"featured_image_src":null,"featured_image_src_square":null,"author_info":{"display_name":"jsinger","author_link":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/author\/jsinger\/"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=830"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/830\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/joseph-singer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}