{"id":86,"date":"2023-11-03T15:07:53","date_gmt":"2023-11-03T15:07:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/louis-kaplow\/?page_id=86"},"modified":"2025-04-08T16:50:53","modified_gmt":"2025-04-08T16:50:53","slug":"antitrust","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/louis-kaplow\/antitrust\/","title":{"rendered":"Antitrust and Industrial Organization"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Books<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Rethinking Merger Analysis<\/em> (<a href=\"https:\/\/mitpress.mit.edu\/9780262049245\/rethinking-merger-analysis\/\">MIT Press<\/a>, 2024). [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/dp\/0262049244\/\">Amazon (purchase)<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Competition Policy and Price Fixing<\/em>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/press.princeton.edu\/books\/hardcover\/9780691158624\/competition-policy-and-price-fixing\">Princeton University Press<\/a>, 2013).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Competition-Policy-Price-Fixing-Kaplow\/dp\/0691158622\/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1370980217&amp;sr=8-1&amp;keywords=competition+policy+and+price+fixing\">Amazon (purchase)<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Antitrust Analysis<\/em>&nbsp;(with Phillip Areeda &amp; Aaron Edlin) (8th ed.; Aspen Publishers, 2021).&nbsp;[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Antitrust-Analysis-Problems-Cases-Casebook\/dp\/154380439X\/\">Amazon (purchase)<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Previous editions of and supplements to&nbsp;<em>Antitrust Analysis<\/em>:<br><em>Antitrust Analysis<\/em>, 7th Edition (2013)<br><em>Antitrust Analysis<\/em>, 6th Edition (2004)<br><em>Antitrust Analysis<\/em>, 5th Edition (1997)<br><em>Antitrust Analysis<\/em>, 4th Edition (1988)&nbsp;<em>&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Journal Articles, Book Chapters, and Encyclopedia Entries<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Improving Economic Analysis in Merger Guidelines, <em>Journal of Economic Perspectives<\/em>, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 29-52 (2025). [<a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5146782\">SSRN<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The 2023 Merger Guidelines and Market Definition: Doubling Down or Folding?, <em>Review of Industrial Organization<\/em>, vol. 65, 7-37 (2024). [<a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5146787\">SSRN<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Competition Policy in a Simple General Equilibrium Model, <em>Journal of Political Economic Microeconomics<\/em>, vol. 1, 80-114 (2023).&nbsp;[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w28482.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">NBER<\/a>] [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_1054.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Entry and Merger Analysis, <em>Antitrust Law Journal<\/em>, vol. 85, pp. 103-146 (2023). [<a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4335811\">SSRN<\/a>] [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_1092.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Replacing the Structural Presumption, <em>Antitrust Law Journal<\/em>, vol. 84, pp. 565-627 (2022).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_1076.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Market Power and Income Taxation, <em>American Economic Journal: Economic Policy<\/em>, vol. 13, pp. 329-354 (2021).&nbsp;[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w25578.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">NBER<\/a>] [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_994.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Horizonal Merger Analysis, <em>International Journal of Industrial Organization<\/em>, vol. 79, 102714 (2021).&nbsp;[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w28189.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">NBER<\/a>] [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_1049.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Efficiencies in Merger Analysis, <em>Antitrust Law Journals,<\/em> vol. 83, pp. 557-619 (2021).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_1056.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Optimal Regulation with Exemptions, <em>International Journal of Industrial Organization<\/em>, vol. 66, pp. 1-39 (2019).\u00a0\u00a0[<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w23887.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">NBER<\/a>] [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_934.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Balancing Versus Structured Decision Procedures: Antitrust, Title VII Disparate Impact, and Constitutional Law Strict Scrutiny, <em>University of Pennsylvania Law Review<\/em>, vol. 167, pp. 1375-1462 (2019).&nbsp;&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_1000.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recoupment and Predatory Pricing Analysis, <em>Journal of Legal Analysis<\/em>, vol. 10, pp. 1-67 (2018).&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_979.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">[Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Price-Fixing Policy, <em>International Journal of Industrial Organization<\/em>, vol. 61, pp. 749-776 (2018).&nbsp;&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_945.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recoupment, Market Power, and Predatory Pricing, <em>Antitrust Law Journal<\/em>, vol. 82, pp. 167-219 (2018).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_967.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the Relevance of Market Power,&nbsp;<em>Harvard Law Review<\/em>, vol. 130, pp. 1303-1407 (2017).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_886.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Meaning of Vertical Agreement and the Structure of Competition Law,\u00a0<em>Antitrust Law Journal<\/em>, vol. 80, pp. 563-630 (2016).\u00a0[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_860.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Market Definition, Market Power,&nbsp;<em>International Journal of Industrial Organization<\/em>, vol. 43, pp. 148-161 (2015).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w21167.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">NBER<\/a>]&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_826.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Market Definition, in&nbsp;<em>Oxford Handbook of International Antitrust Economics<\/em>, (Blair &amp; Sokol, eds.; Oxford University Press, 2015), 345-363.&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_745.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Market Definition: Impossible and Counterproductive,&nbsp;<em>Antitrust Law Journal<\/em>, vol. 79, 361-379 (2013).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_765.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the Choice of Welfare Standards in Competition Law, in&nbsp;<em>Goals of Competition Law<\/em>&nbsp;(Zimmer, ed.; Edward Elgar, 2012), 3-26.&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_693.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Market Definition Alchemy,&nbsp;<em>Antitrust Bulletin<\/em>, vol. 57, 915-952 (2012).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_746.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Direct versus Communications-Based Prohibitions on Price Fixing,&nbsp;<em>Journal of Legal Analysis<\/em>, vol. 3, 449-538 (2011).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/jla.oxfordjournals.org\/content\/3\/2\/449.full.pdf+html\">WWW<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Market Definition and the Merger Guidelines,&nbsp;<em>Review of Industrial Organization<\/em>, vol. 39, 107-125 (2011).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_695.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An Economic Approach to Price Fixing,&nbsp;<em>Antitrust Law Journal<\/em>, vol. 77, 343-449 (2011).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/faculty\/kaplow\/pdfs\/atj_77_2.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Antitrust Law Journal<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the Meaning of Horizontal Agreements in Competition Law,&nbsp;<em>California Law Review<\/em>, vol. 99, 683-818 (2011).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.californialawreview.org\/assets\/pdfs\/99-3\/Kaplow.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">WWW<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Market Share Thresholds: On the Conflation of Empirical Assessments and Legal Policy Judgments,&nbsp;<em>Journal of Competition Law &amp; Economics<\/em>, vol. 7, 243\u2013276 (2011).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_692.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Why (Ever) Define Markets?,&nbsp;<em>Harvard Law Review<\/em>, vol. 124, 437-517 (2010). [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.harvardlawreview.org\/media\/pdf\/vol_12402kaplow.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Harvard Law Review<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Antitrust, in&nbsp;<em>Handbook of Law and Economics<\/em>&nbsp;(Polinsky &amp; Shavell, eds.; Elsevier, 2007), vol. 2, pp. 1072-1225. (With Carl Shapiro)&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w12867\">NBER<\/a>] [<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/Kaplow_Shapiro_575.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Comment on Antitrust Issues in the Licensing of Intellectual Property.&nbsp;<em>Brookings Papers on Economic Activity: Microeconomics<\/em>, pp. 337-344 (1997).&nbsp;[<a href=\"http:\/\/www.law.harvard.edu\/programs\/olin_center\/papers\/pdf\/217.pdf\" class=\"mtli_attachment mtli_pdf\">Olin Center WP &#8211; A Note on Antitrust Issues in the Licensing of Intellectual Property<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Concentration in the Israeli Economy and Bank Investment in Nonfinancial Companies (with Lucian Bebchuk and Jesse Fried),&nbsp;<em>The Economic Quarterly<\/em>, vol. 42, 643-70 (1996) (in Hebrew). John M. Olin Center for Law, Economics, and Business (Harvard Law School) Discussion Paper No. 209 (January 1997) (in English).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An Ex Ante Perspective on Deregulation, Viewed Ex Post,\u00a0<em>Resource and Energy Economics<\/em>, vol. 15, 153-173 (1993).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Antitrust, Law &amp; Economics, and the Courts,&nbsp;<em>Law and Contemporary Problems<\/em>, vol. 50, 181-216 (1987).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Extension of Monopoly Power Through Leverage,&nbsp;<em>Columbia Law Review<\/em>, vol. 85, 515-556 (1985).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Patent-Antitrust Intersection: A Reappraisal,&nbsp;<em>Harvard Law Review<\/em>, vol. 97, 1813-1892 (1984).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Accuracy of Traditional Market Power Analysis and A Direct Adjustment Alternative,&nbsp;<em>Harvard Law Review<\/em>, vol. 95, 1817-1848 (1982).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Books Rethinking Merger Analysis (MIT Press, 2024). [Amazon (purchase)] Competition Policy and Price Fixing&nbsp;(Princeton University Press, 2013).&nbsp;[Amazon (purchase)] Antitrust Analysis&nbsp;(with Phillip Areeda &amp; Aaron Edlin) (8th ed.; Aspen Publishers, 2021).&nbsp;[Amazon (purchase)] Previous editions of and supplements to&nbsp;Antitrust Analysis:Antitrust Analysis, 7th Edition (2013)Antitrust Analysis, 6th Edition (2004)Antitrust Analysis, 5th Edition (1997)Antitrust Analysis, 4th Edition (1988)&nbsp;&nbsp; Journal &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/louis-kaplow\/antitrust\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Antitrust and Industrial Organization<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-86","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"featured_image_src":null,"featured_image_src_square":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/louis-kaplow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/86","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/louis-kaplow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/louis-kaplow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/louis-kaplow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/louis-kaplow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=86"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/louis-kaplow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/86\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/faculty.law.harvard.edu\/louis-kaplow\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=86"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}